儿童与精神药物

EN
I want to talk about psychiatric drugs. The drugging of children has skyrocketed¹ in the last period. In the United States, black boys are particularly targeted. They are blamed for their reaction to racism, young people’s oppression, and men’s oppression, and then they are given drugs.

中文
我想谈谈精神药物。最近一段时间，给儿童用药的情况急剧攀升¹。在美国，黑人男孩尤其成为目标。他们对种族主义、对年龄在21岁以下者的压迫以及对男性的压迫所作出的反应，被归咎于他们自身，然后他们就被用上了药物。

EN
Often the rationale for drugging children is the children’s behavior in school. Schools get put in the position of encouraging parents to put their children on drugs so that under-resourced schools and classrooms can function. Class sizes are too big, and the teachers are overworked and exhausted. The “solution”—drugging children—distracts us from an unworkable situation, and from all that is going on² in society. It ignores the fact that many young people have extremely harsh lives and need something very different from what the schools have to offer.

中文
给儿童用药的理由往往是孩子们在学校里的行为。学校被置于这样一种境地：鼓励家长让孩子服药，好让资源不足的学校和课堂能够运转下去。班级规模太大，老师们工作过度、精疲力竭。这种「解决办法」——给孩子用药——转移了我们的注意力，使我们看不到一个根本行不通的局面，也看不到社会上正在发生²的一切。它无视这样一个事实：许多年龄在21岁以下者的生活极其艰难，他们需要的东西与学校所能提供的截然不同。

EN
I was talking with two classroom teachers and finally got them to admit that they couldn’t function in their classrooms unless some of the children were taking psychiatric drugs. I said, “Then let’s say that! Let’s not say that the drugs are good for the children. Let’s say that the teachers can’t function unless the children are on drugs. Then we will have to see the situation as a problem with the system, and stop blaming it on the children.”

中文
我曾和两位任课老师交谈，最后让他们承认：除非班上有些孩子服用精神药物，否则他们在课堂上就无法正常工作。我说：「那我们就照实这么说！别说药物对孩子有好处。要说的是：除非孩子们服药，否则老师们就无法正常工作。这样我们就不得不把这种情况看作体制的问题，不再把它归咎于孩子。」

EN
Psychiatric drugs are never helpful. RC policy is to strongly urge all Co-Counselors to oppose the use of psychiatric drugs, to not blame the people using them, to see the oppressive system as the source of the problem, and to discharge any distresses that interfere with their ability to take a firm stand against the use of psychiatric drugs and the concept of “mental illness.”

中文
精神药物从来都没有帮助。再评价咨询（RC）的政策是：强烈敦促所有相互咨询者反对使用精神药物，不责怪使用精神药物的人，把压迫性的体制看作问题的根源，并宣泄任何妨碍他们坚定反对使用精神药物、反对「精神疾病」这一概念的困扰。

EN
In the RC Community we are not yet united around this policy, and we shouldn’t pretend that we agree with it if we don’t. We each need to discharge and think for ourselves. We need to discharge our hopelessness about people, and our confusion about psychiatric drugs. We need to discharge any feeling that discharge won’t make a difference. From what I’ve seen, when people are confused it’s because they do not fully understand discharge. Even many Co-Counselors still feel hopeless that people can actually work through things with discharge.

中文
在再评价咨询团体里，我们在这项政策上还没有达成一致；如果我们并不认同，就不应该假装认同。我们每个人都需要宣泄，并独立思考。我们需要宣泄自己对人的绝望感，以及对精神药物的困惑。我们需要宣泄任何「宣泄不会带来改变」的感觉。就我所见，人们之所以困惑，是因为他们没有充分理解宣泄。甚至许多相互咨询者仍然感到绝望，不相信人们真的能够通过宣泄来解决问题。

EN
Pharmaceutical companies, many of which are producing psychiatric drugs, are some of the most profitable companies in the world. They are producing psychiatric drugs for profit, not for helping people.

中文
制药公司——其中许多都在生产精神药物——是世界上利润最丰厚的一些公司。它们生产精神药物是为了牟利，而不是为了帮助人。

EN
When people talk about chemical imbalances in the brain, I just listen to them and give them some information. When they tell me about “psychological imbalance,” I say, “I think people just need to cry.” If they are parents, I talk about how hard the job of parenting can be and how hard young people’s lives can be. I appreciate their children, and I appreciate them as parents. I ask them what they love about their children, because so often people focus on the “bad behavior,” not on the child. I spend much of the time listening. Then I come right out and say that the drugs do not help. People need some perspective outside of what they’re hearing—but it’s tricky, because parents feel so bad so easily and I want them to know that I’m behind them.³ Many parents agree with me. They just don’t know what else to do. They are desperate to help their children and are under great pressure to see any problem as a “disorder” that can be “solved” with psychiatric drugs.

中文
当人们谈到大脑中的化学失衡时，我只是倾听他们，并给他们一些信息。当他们跟我讲「心理失衡」时，我说：「我觉得人们只是需要哭一哭。」如果他们是家长，我会谈到养育孩子这份工作有多难，年龄在21岁以下者的生活又有多难。我欣赏他们的孩子，也欣赏他们作为家长。我问他们爱自己孩子的哪些地方，因为人们常常只盯着「不良行为」，而不是孩子本身。我把大部分时间用来倾听。然后我会直截了当地说，药物没有帮助。人们需要在所听到的说法之外获得一些别的视角——但这很微妙，因为家长们很容易就感到非常难过，而我希望他们知道我是他们的后盾³。许多家长同意我的看法。他们只是不知道还能怎么办。他们迫切地想帮助自己的孩子，同时承受着巨大的压力，被迫把任何问题都看作一种可以用精神药物「解决」的「障碍」。

EN
There is no such thing as a psychological “disorder.” They are not real. There is no such thing as ADHD (Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder). It is terror. The “disorders” are made-up names that describe distresses, and their purpose is to sell drugs for profit. From 1980 to 1995, about two hundred new “disorders” were “identified.” The more “disorders” there are that “require” prescription drugs, the more drugs can be sold for profit.

中文
根本不存在什么心理「障碍」。它们不是真实的。根本不存在 ADHD（注意力缺陷多动障碍）这种东西。那是恐惧。所谓「障碍」，是为描述困扰而编造出来的名称，其目的是卖药牟利。从1980年到1995年，大约有两百种新的「障碍」被「确认」出来。「需要」处方药的「障碍」越多，能卖出去牟利的药就越多。

EN
There is an alternative: discharge. I have done workshops for parents called “Alternatives to Psychiatric Drugs” in which I give an introductory lecture about Co-Counseling and talk about discharge. We can’t forget what an amazing “tool” discharge is. We can’t forget how intelligent we, and young people, are. We can organize around this. We can try things. Try talking about it. Try organizing a support group for parents or even just a one-time meeting. Children need to see us taking a stand on this issue. We also need to give them sessions about it.

中文
还有另一种选择：宣泄。我为家长们办过名为「精神药物之外的选择」的工作坊，在工作坊上我会做一场关于相互咨询的入门讲座，并讲解宣泄。我们不能忘记宣泄是一种多么了不起的「工具」。我们不能忘记我们自己以及年龄在21岁以下者是多么有智慧。我们可以围绕这件事组织起来。我们可以去尝试。试着谈论它。试着为家长组织一个支持小组，哪怕只是一次性的聚会也好。孩子们需要看到我们在这个问题上表明立场。我们也需要就这个问题为他们安排倾听时间。

EN
Someone in my son’s class is being given pills. I haven’t told my son exactly what the pills do. I won’t do that until he asks me specifically about them. I tell him how wonderful his friend is, how it is hard for him to follow the rules in school because he’s having lots of feelings, and that it’s fine that he has those feelings. I tell him that the rules help the school run smoothly but that the school needs more adults for the children and the adults need to listen a lot more. I tell him that because schools are not set up to be able to help his friend with his feelings, people want to change his feelings. I say that the good thing is that a lot of us are working to change this situation, including my son.

中文
我儿子班上有个孩子正在被喂药。我没有确切地告诉儿子那些药有什么作用。除非他专门问我，否则我不会讲。我告诉他，他的朋友有多棒；告诉他，他的朋友很难遵守学校的规矩，是因为他有很多情绪，而有这些情绪完全没关系。我告诉他，规矩有助于学校顺利运转，但学校需要有更多的大人来照顾孩子，而且大人们需要更多地倾听。我告诉他，因为学校的设置使它无法帮助他的朋友处理情绪，所以人们就想改变他的情绪。我说，好在我们当中有很多人正在努力改变这种状况，其中也包括我儿子。

EN
It’s important that we keep trying to think about this and that we speak out. We are not going to learn how to talk about it well until we try. We are going to make mistakes. But we will learn how not to give up, how to hold on to our own thinking, and how to bring people along with us. I don’t want us to be “liberal”⁴ about the drugging of children, because it is not okay. Young people are not the problem.

中文
重要的是，我们要继续努力思考这个问题，并且要大声说出来。不去尝试，我们就学不会如何好好地谈论它。我们会犯错误。但我们会学会如何不放弃，如何坚持自己的思考，以及如何带动别人和我们一起前进。我不希望我们在给儿童用药这件事上持「自由派」⁴态度，因为这是不可以的。年龄在21岁以下者不是问题所在。